In the dynamic landscape of the Internet of Things (IoT), where connectivity and communication are paramount, the MQTT protocol emerges as a lightweight and efficient solution.  We encourage you to refer to our previous post for deeper insights into MQTT fundamentals.

What is the MQTT architecture?

Functioning as a central hub, an MQTT broker efficiently manages the flow of messages between MQTT clients, including publishers and subscribers. It acts as a mediator, receiving messages published by clients, filtering them by topic, and distributing them to subscribed clients.

The MQTT broker architecture revolves around the publish-subscribe messaging pattern, comprising three primary components: clients, topics, and the broker.

1. MQTT Broker Server

• The MQTT broker server receives messages from publishers and delivers them to subscribers based on their topic subscriptions.
• It manages client connections, handles subscriptions and unsubscriptions, and ensures message delivery according to specified Quality of Service (QoS) levels.

2. MQTT Clients

• MQTT clients, which can be publishers, subscribers, or both, interact with the broker.
• Publishers send messages to the broker, while subscribers receive messages from the broker.
• Clients encompass various devices and applications capable of establishing MQTT protocol connections.

3. Topics

• Topics, hierarchical strings defining message subjects or categories, form the foundation of message organization.
• Publishers associate messages with specific topics, while subscribers express interest in receiving messages by subscribing to relevant MQTT topics.
• The broker then routes messages to subscribers based on their topic subscriptions.

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